SORA

Advancing, promoting and sharing knowledge of health through excellence in teaching, clinical practice and research into the prevention and treatment of illness

Influence of Adiposity on Insulin Resistance and Glycemia Markers Among UK Children of South Asian, Black African-Caribbean, and White European Origin Child Heart and Health Study in England

Nightingale, CM; Rudnicka, AR; Owen, CG; Wells, JC; Sattar, N; Cook, DG; Whincup, PH (2013) Influence of Adiposity on Insulin Resistance and Glycemia Markers Among UK Children of South Asian, Black African-Caribbean, and White European Origin Child Heart and Health Study in England. DIABETES CARE, 36 (6). 1712 - 1719. ISSN 0149-5992 https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1726
SGUL Authors: Cook, Derek Gordon Nightingale, Claire Owen, Christopher Grant Rudnicka, Alicja Regina Whincup, Peter Hynes

[img]
Preview
PDF Published Version
Available under License St George's repository terms & conditions.

Download (155kB) | Preview

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Ethnic differences in type 2 diabetes risk between South Asians and white Europeans originate before adult life and are not fully explained by higher adiposity levels in South Asians. Although metabolic sensitivity to adiposity may differ between ethnic groups, this has been little studied in childhood. We have therefore examined the associations among adiposity, insulin resistance, and glycemia markers in children of different ethnic origins. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 4,633 9- to 10-year-old children (response rate 68%) predominantly of South Asian, black African-Caribbean, and white European origin (n = 1,266, 1,176, and 1,109, respectively) who had homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycemia markers (HbA1c and fasting glucose), and adiposity (BMI, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, and bioimpedance [fat mass]). RESULTS: All adiposity measures were positively associated with HOMA-IR in all ethnic groups, but associations were stronger among South Asians compared to black African-Caribbeans and white Europeans. For a 1-SD increase in fat mass percentage, percentage differences in HOMA-IR were 37.5% (95% CI 33.3–41.7), 29.7% (25.8–33.8), and 27.0% (22.9–31.2), respectively (P interaction < 0.001). All adiposity markers were positively associated with HbA1c in South Asians and black African-Caribbeans but not in white Europeans; for a 1-SD increase in fat mass percentage, percentage differences in HbA1c were 0.04% (95% CI 0.03–0.06), 0.04% (0.02–0.05), and 0.02% (−0.00 to 0.04), respectively (P interaction < 0.001). Patterns for fasting glucose were less consistent. CONCLUSIONS: South Asian children are more metabolically sensitive to adiposity. Early prevention or treatment of childhood obesity may be critical for type 2 diabetes prevention, especially in South Asians.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
Keywords: Adiposity, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Blood Glucose, Caribbean Region, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, England, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Great Britain, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Obesity, Pediatric Obesity, Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism, ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, BODY-MASS INDEX, IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE, ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES, CIRCULATING CONCENTRATIONS, DIABETES PREVALENCE, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK, GENDER-DIFFERENCES, UNITED-KINGDOM, INDIAN MEN, OBESITY, 11 Medical And Health Sciences
SGUL Research Institute / Research Centre: Academic Structure > Population Health Research Institute (INPH)
Journal or Publication Title: DIABETES CARE
ISSN: 0149-5992
Related URLs:
Dates:
DateEvent
1 June 2013Published
Web of Science ID: WOS:000321472600042
URI: http://sgultest.da.ulcc.ac.uk/id/eprint/107150
Publisher's version: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1726

Actions (login required)

Edit Item Edit Item